![]() ![]() Thalassaemias can be cured by a successful bone-marrow transplant, however this procedure is expensive and not readily available in most settings. As a result of multiple transfusions, organs become severely overloaded with iron and a specific treatment is needed to manage this condition. Thalassaemia major requires regular blood transfusions to maintain an adequate supply of haemoglobin and sustain life. a number of other therapeutic measures.vaccination and antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of infections.Sickle-cell disease can be managed by simple procedures including: Haemoglobin disorders can be effectively reduced through a strategic balance of disease management and prevention programmes. Alpha and beta thalassaemia have both mild and severe forms. There are two major types of thalassaemia, alpha and beta, which are named for the two protein chains that make up normal haemoglobin. Organs then become starved for oxygen and are unable to function properly. When there is not enough haemoglobin in the red blood cells, oxygen cannot get to all parts of the body. People with thalassaemia are not able to make enough haemoglobin, which is found in red blood cells. Thalassaemias are also inherited blood disorders.Poor blood oxygen levels and blood vessel blockages in people with sickle-cell disease can lead to chronic acute pain syndromes, severe bacterial infections, and necrosis (tissue death). This condition leads to shortened red blood cell survival, and subsequent anaemia, often called sickle-cell anaemia. The misshapen cells lack plasticity and can block small blood vessels, impairing blood flow. Sickle-cell disease is characterized by a modification in the shape of the red blood cell from a smooth, donut-shape into a crescent or half moon shape.Haemoglobin disorders fall into two main categories: sickle-cell disease and thalassaemias. Haemoglobin disorders are inherited blood diseases that affect how oxygen is carried in the body. In countries such as Cameroon, Republic of Congo, Gabon, Ghana and Nigeria the prevalence is between 20% to 30% while in some parts of Uganda it is as high as 45%. ![]() ![]() In the Region, the majority of children with the most severe form of the disease die before the age of 5, usually from an infection or severe blood loss. Other triggers such as plane flights and high altitudes can also trigger an attack. Common triggers include cold temperatures, dehydration, excessive amounts of exercise and tobacco smoke. The whites of the eyes and skin often have a yellowish tint.Įnvironmental factors often play a role in the occurrence of painful attacks. People with sickle cell disease often feel weak, tired and look pale. The disrupted blood flow can also cause damage to bones, muscles and organs. These blood clots can cause extreme pain in the back, chest, hands and feet. Round red blood cells can move easily through the blood vessels but sickled shaped cells interconnect and can result in blood clots. In sickle cell disease, the normal round shape of red blood cells become like crescent moons. Sickle cell disease (SCD), or sickle cell anaemia, is a major genetic disease that affects most countries in the African Region. ![]()
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